Sodium bicarbonate (CAS 144-55-8), also known as baking soda or NaHCO₃, is a widely used chemical compound in various industries due to its versatile properties. From food production to cleaning, water treatment, and chemical manufacturing, its applications are vast and varied.
Physical Properties
Appearance: Sodium bicarbonate appears as a white crystalline powder.
Solubility: It is soluble in water, allowing for easy dissolution and use in aqueous solutions.
Density: Its density is approximately 2.20 g/cm³.
Melting Point: It decomposes at 50 °C instead of melting.
Taste: It has a slightly alkaline taste, similar to that of soda.
Chemical Properties
pH: Aqueous solutions of sodium bicarbonate are slightly alkaline, with a pH around 8.3.
Reactivity:
With Acids: Reacts with acids, releasing carbon dioxide (CO₂), water (H₂O), and a corresponding salt. This property is used in applications such as baking powder and fire extinguishers.
With Bases: Can react with strong bases to form carbonates.
Decomposition: Decomposes at high temperatures to form sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), water, and carbon dioxide.
Neutralization: Has the ability to neutralize acids, making it useful in pH control applications.
Uses of Sodium Bicarbonate
In the paper industry, sodium bicarbonate is used to maintain an appropriate pH at different stages of paper production, in bleaching processes to neutralize acids and help maintain an alkaline environment, to clean and descale equipment and pipes, or as a neutralizer of acidic by-products, among other applications.
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In the pharmaceutical industry, sodium bicarbonate is an active ingredient in many over-the-counter antacid medications and is also used as an excipient in effervescent tablets to release CO₂ when dissolved in water. It is also employed to adjust and maintain the pH of pharmaceutical solutions.
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In the adhesive industry, sodium bicarbonate is used to adjust and maintain the pH of formulations, as a gas-releasing agent for foamed adhesives, to neutralize acidic residues, and to degas the adhesive mixture, among other applications.
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Sodium bicarbonate is used in water treatment to increase the pH of acidic water, neutralizing acidity and preventing corrosion of pipes and equipment. It is also used in systems where maintaining a specific pH is essential.
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In the nutraceutical industry, sodium bicarbonate is used in the formulation of effervescent tablets and beverages. The effervescence helps improve the dissolution and absorption of the active ingredients, as well as making the supplement more pleasant to consume.
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Sodium bicarbonate is used in flue gas desulfurization, especially for the removal of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) from combustion gases. This process is crucial for reducing pollutant emissions and complying with environmental regulations.
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Quimidroga distributes Solvair®, Solvay®’s sodium bicarbonate for gas treatment. With this product, it is possible to control the emissions of sulfur gases (SOx) and halogenated gases (hydrochloric and hydrofluoric).
This solution, which has been considered as a BAT (Best Available Technology) for the desulfurization of combustion gases, involves development. For this reason, Solvay® offers valuable technical support in addition to the product.
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